Rabindranath Tagore singing Jana Gana Mana ' Jana Gana Mana' ( Hindi: ) is the of. It was originally composed as in by poet. The first stanza of the song was adopted by the as the National Anthem on 24 January 1950. A formal rendition of the national anthem takes approximately fifty-two seconds. A shortened version consisting of the first and last lines (and taking about 20 seconds to play) is also staged occasionally. It was first publicly sung on 27 December 1911 at the (now, ) Session of the. A separate poem,, was created 'national song' of India during both the colonial period and after independence in 1956. Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • History [ ] The poem was first sung on the second day of the annual session of the Indian National Congress in Calcutta (now Kolkata) on 27 December 1911, and again in January 1912 at the annual event of the. Though the Bengali song had been written in 1911, it was largely unknown except to the readers of the Adi Brahmo Samaj journal,, of which Tagore was the editor. Song was performed by Sarala Devi Chowdhurani, Tagore’s niece, along with a group of school students, in front of prominent Congress Members like Bishan Narayan Dhar, Indian National Congress President and Ambika Charan Majumdar. In 1912, the song was published under the title Bharat Bhagya Bidhata in the Tatwabodhini Patrika, which was the official publication of the Brahmo Samaj and of which Tagore was the Editor. Outside of Calcutta, the song was first sung by the bard himself at a session in in Madanapalle, Andhra Pradesh on 28 February 1919 when Tagore visited the college and sung the song. The song enthralled the college students while, then vice-principal of the college (also an expert in European music and wife of Irish poet James Cousins), both requested Tagore to create an English translation of the song and set down the musical notation to the national anthem, which is followed only when the song is sung in the original slow rendition style. Tagore translated the work into English while at the college on 28 February 1919, titled.. The college adopted Tagore's translation of the song as their prayer song which is sung till today. Before it was the national anthem of India, 'Jana Gana Mana' was heard in the film (1945). On the occasion of India attaining freedom, the Indian Constituent Assembly assembled for the first time as a sovereign body on 14 August 1947, midnight and the session closed with a unanimous performance of Jana Gana Mana. The members of the Indian Delegation to the General Assembly of the United Nations held at New York in 1947 gave a recording of Jana Gana Mana as the country’s national anthem. In 1950 (after India's independence), the first two verses of the song were declared the 'national song' of the Republic of India, distinct from the national anthem of India, Jana Gana Mana. The first two verses of the song are an abstract reference to one's mother and motherland, they do not mention any Hindu deity by name, unlike later verses that compare certain qualities of thee country and mother to goddesses like Durga and Lakshmi. The origin and meaning of India's national anthem Indian philosopher, poet and painter Rabindranath Tagore, who died in 1941, wrote the poem, with accompanying music, from which India took its. The song was played by the house orchestra in front of a gathering consisting of representatives from all over the world. Code of conduct [ ] The National Anthem of India is played or sung on various occasions. Instructions have been issued from time to time about the correct versions of the Anthem, the occasions on which these are to be played or sung, and about the need for paying respect to the anthem by observance of proper decorum on such occasions. The substance of these instructions has been embodied in the information sheet issued by the government of India for general information and guidance. The approximate duration of the Full Version of National Anthem of India is 52 seconds and 20 seconds for shorter version. Lyrics [ ] The poem was composed in a literary of the Bengali language called. The song has been written almost entirely using nouns that also can function as verbs and has commonality with all major languages in India due to being their common source of formal vocabulary. Therefore, the original song is quite clearly understandable, and in fact, remains almost unchanged in several widely different Indian languages (if variations in and pronunciation of approximants and some sibilants are ignored). Full version [ ] Official lyrics in Hindi ( जन गण मन) [ ]. [ɟənə gəɳə mənə əd̪ʱinɑːjəkə ɟəjə ɦeː] [bʱɑːɾət̪ə bʱɑːgjə ʋɪdʱɑːt̪ɑː ǁ] [pə̃ɟɑːbə sɪnd̪ʱu gʊɟəɾɑːt̪ə məɾɑːʈʰɑː|] [d̪ɾɑːʋɪɽə ʊt̪kələ bə̃gə] [ʋɪ̃d̪ʱjə ɦɪmɑːcələ jəmʊnɑː gə̃gɑː|] [ʊccʰələ ɟələd̪ʱi t̪əɾə̃gə] [t̪əbə ʃʊbʱə nɑːmeː ɟɑːgeː| t̪əbə ʃʊbʱə ɑːʃɪʂə mɑ̃ːgeː] [gɑːɦeː t̪əbə ɟəjə gɑːt̪ʰɑː ‖] [ɟənə ɟəɳə mə̃gələ d̪ɑːjəkə ɟəjə ɦeː|] [bʱɑːɾət̪ə bʱɑːgjə ʋɪd̪ʱɑːt̪ɑː ‖] [ɟəjə ɦeː| ɟəjə ɦeː| ɟəjə ɦeː|] [ɟəjə ɟəjə ɟəjə ɟəjə ɦeː ‖] Original composition in Bengali ( ভারত ভাগ্য বিধাতা) [ ] Bengali script Latin transliteration (). Early or original score of Jana Gana Mana Controversies [ ] In, students belonging to the religious denomination were expelled by school authorities for their refusal to sing the national anthem on religious grounds, although they stood up respectfully when the anthem was sung. The concluded that there was nothing in it which could offend anyone's religious susceptibilities, and upheld their expulsion. On 11 August 1986, the reversed the High Court and ruled that the High Court had misdirected itself because the question is not whether a particular religious belief or practice appeals to our reason or sentiment but whether the belief is genuinely and conscientiously held as part of the profession or practice of a religion. 'Our personal views and reactions are irrelevant.' The Supreme Court affirmed the principle that it is not for a secular judge to sit in judgment on the correctness of a religious belief. Supreme Court observed in its ruling 'There is no provision of law which obliges anyone to sing the National Anthem nor is it disrespectful to the National Anthem if a person who stands up respectfully when the National Anthem is sung does not join the singing. Proper respect is shown to the National Anthem by standing up when the National Anthem is sung. It will not be right to say that disrespect is shown by not joining in the singing. Standing up respectfully when the National Anthem is sung but not singing oneself clearly does not either prevent the singing of the National Anthem or cause disturbance to an assembly engaged in such singing so as to constitute the offence mentioned in s. On 30 November 2016, Supreme Court of India ordered the National Anthem must be played before movies in theaters, in order to instill 'committed patriotism and nationalism'. On 10 February 2017, 2 Kashmiris were booked for not standing during anthem in Jammu Cinema, under provisions of the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971. This was the first arrest of its kind made by a state government in India. In January 2018, the government reversed its stance and requested that the Supreme Court rescind the order until a government panel could consider the issue in more depth; the court agreed, and so around 9 January 2018 the National Anthem ceased being compulsory in movie theaters. Historical significance [ ] The composition was first sung during a convention of the in on 27 December 1911. It was sung on the second day of the convention, and the agenda of that day devoted itself to a loyal welcome of George V on his visit to India. The event was reported thus in the British Indian press: 'The Bengali poet sang a song composed by him specially to welcome the Emperor.' ( Statesman, Dec. 28, 1911) 'The proceedings began with the singing by of a song specially composed by him in honour of the Emperor.' ( Englishman, Dec. 28, 1911) 'When the proceedings of the Indian National Congress began on Wednesday 27th December 1911, a Bengali song in welcome of the Emperor was sung. A resolution welcoming the Emperor and Empress was also adopted unanimously.' ( Indian, Dec. The National Anthem Of India Download29, 1911) Counter arguments [ ] Many historians aver that the newspaper reports cited above were misguided. Nascar. The confusion arose in British Indian press since a different song, ' written in by Rambhuj Chaudhary, was sung on the same occasion in praise of the monarch.
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